Read all about Sapphire and different kinds of rocks and minerals here at the Stone Goddess.

Sapphire is the name given to most members of the Corundum group, aluminum oxide minerals that are formed in a variety of host rocks under extreme heat and pressure. Found in weathered volcanic basalt or dolomite limestone’s, Sapphires are mostly mined from alluvial or placer deposits. Rich deposits in Sri Lanka were formed over one million years ago.

The red corundum Ruby is the only one not grouped under Sapphire's name. All other hues from white, pink, green, yellow, violet and the most desirable and valuable cornflower and royal blues are Sapphires. Iron and Titanium in the crystals create the blue, vanadium causes a violet hue and chrome creates pink. The stones "Oriental Topaz", and "Oriental Emerald" are really Sapphires. The rarest color is the orange "Padparadschah", or "Lotus Flower".

Sapphires have a long history as a sacred stone. It is a symbol of the heavens, a stone also associated with Saturn. The Sanskrit "sauriratna", Chaldean "sampir", Latin "Saphirus" and Greek "Sappheiros" are just some of its ancient names. However, Sapphire was a name given to most blue gems until the 1800's when it was found that Sapphire and Ruby were conundrums. The early biblical "Sapir" was actually Lapis Lazuli. Still. In the 12th century the Pope decreed that all Bishop's Rings should contain Sapphire, a stone believed to represent spiritual truth, clarity and enlightenment. It was also thought to increase the desire for knowledge, and bring peace of mind.

Revered by Buddhists, Sapphire brought peace and friendship, and was a talisman for marital bliss. The Hindus have always admired it as a holy stone of truth and justice, and as a bringer of good fortune. Kashmir Sapphires have been most desirable, but those sold as "Kashmir" now is mostly mined in Burma.

Star Sapphires are thought most magical, as the rutile hairs in the stone create the effect of light rays moving within. These spirits within the gem were "Faith, Hope and Destiny" and were thought to observe and reward the owner of the gem.

Metaphysical Properties: Sapphire's soft twilight blue and serene, calm energy brings a restful tranquil mind. It allows one to focus on the higher self and one's true nature. It fosters independence and self-responsibility. It aids communication and psychic awareness. Star Sapphire is a good meditation gem; aids astral travel and promote dreams, joy and happiness. May be used to purify the aura.

Chakras: Throat and Brow.